{"id":3483,"date":"2018-12-03T11:58:17","date_gmt":"2018-12-03T16:58:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.www.getmaple.ca\/?p=3483"},"modified":"2025-01-15T14:37:41","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T19:37:41","slug":"antibiotic-resistance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/blog\/antibiotic-resistance\/","title":{"rendered":"Antibiotic resistance and what it means for human beings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antibiotics are arguably the most important medical discovery of the last hundred years. Before their widespread use, you could die from an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/health\/the-real-story-behind-the-worlds-first-antibiotic\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">infected scratch<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> received while gardening. Antibiotics save countless lives all over the world, but their ubiquity has become the problem. Our overuse of antibiotics is leading to antibiotic resistance, and if we don\u2019t figure out a solution, we might not be able to\u00a0use them at all.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is an antibiotic?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antibiotics are a class of medication that fight bacterial infections. They work in two main ways; either by killing the \u201cbad\u201d bacteria outright, or by stopping them from reproducing. Chances are you\u2019ve heard the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/health\/the-real-story-behind-the-worlds-first-antibiotic\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">story<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of how penicillin was discovered by accident, when a mould in a petri dish was observed to kill bacteria, but today antibiotics are synthesized in labs. You can take antibiotics topically (on the skin), intravenously, or orally, depending on the infection.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When should I use antibiotics?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While antibiotics treat a lot of conditions, they have their limitations. Antibiotics treat bacterial infections only. They don\u2019t kill viruses, so they can\u2019t treat a cold or the flu, no matter how bad you feel! Some can be used to kill a large number of different bacteria \u2014 these are known as broad spectrum antibiotics. Antibiotics also kill the bacteria that are\u00a0beneficial to us, including those that live in our gut. That is why nausea and stomach issues are the most common side effects.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is antibiotic resistance?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know how your doctor and pharmacist always tell you to finish the entire course of antibiotics? There\u2019s a reason for that. It takes time for antibiotics to kill the bacteria in your system. If you stop your course of antibiotics mid-way through because you feel better, you may not have gotten rid of all the bad bacteria. You\u2019re most likely feeling better because you\u2019ve taken enough medication to kill most of them. But if you haven\u2019t finished the whole course, you could be leaving the hardiest bacteria alive, and they will keep reproducing.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria that survive antibiotic exposure once, can do it more easily in the future. This means that something like pneumonia can become antibiotic-resistant pneumonia, also known as a \u201csuperbug.\u201d Because the bacteria is now immune to the usual medication.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria also have the ability to communicate with each other. So a bacterium that has a gene that makes it resistant to an antibiotic, can share that gene with other bacteria, giving them the ability to fight back against the antibiotic. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are some dangers of overuse?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simply put, antibiotic resistance means that we have fewer tools to fight bacterial infections. The \u201csuperbug\u201d pneumonia we just mentioned is real\u00a0and it\u2019s not alone. There are other illnesses in Canada like tuberculosis which are also antibiotic-resistant. This means they are much more difficult to get rid of and much more likely to cause unpleasant complications. These so-called \u201csuperbugs\u201d are only part of the problem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without antibiotics, many of the routine surgeries and operations carried out every day, become exponentially more dangerous. Many of us probably don&#8217;t appreciate the near miracles that these drugs have worked for human beings. Take us back to pre-antibiotic times, however, and their importance becomes evident. Before their widespread use, the number one cause of death was infectious disease. The adoption of antibiotics caused life expectancy to rise by more than <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5354621\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30 years<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">! Procedures like having your appendix removed are only routine and safe because of antibiotics. Without them, not only would an appendectomy become life-threatening, more complex surgeries such as transplants would be all but impossible.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is why doctors don\u2019t like to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/features\/online-prescriptions\/\">prescribe<\/a> antibiotics\u00a0unless necessary. Best practices dictate that doctors don\u2019t prescribe them to treat conditions like earaches in adults, which will likely go away on their own. Because our doctors have the luxury of time to better explain the superbug phenomenon, our prescribing rates are lower than the average Canadian clinic.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Side effects of antibiotics<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There\u2019s no denying that antibiotics have worked wonders, but like all medications, they also have side effects. Antibiotics can trigger allergic reactions in some. Their use can also be associated with things like rashes, allergies, sun sensitivity and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/c-difficile\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20351691\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C. difficile<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In certain cases, they have even been linked to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-018-03267-5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tendon rupture<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So what can I do?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For starters, always take your full course of antibiotics &#8212; don\u2019t stop even if you feel 100% better. Secondly, take only medications prescribed to you, and don\u2019t share yours with other people. Even if you know that your cousin has the same illness as you, sharing antibiotics is not the answer! Your doctor prescribed you the exact amount you need, so your cousin needs to get their own. If you share, neither of you may get enough medication to kill the bacteria. If you\u2019ve taken antibiotics and find you haven\u2019t gotten better, let your doctor know. And when it comes to disposing of old medicine, take it back to the pharmacy: don\u2019t throw it out or flush it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><i>The information presented here is for educational purposes and is not meant to replace the advice from your medical professional.<\/i><i><\/i><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><i>When using virtual care, all medical treatment is at the sole discretion of the provider. Virtual care is not meant for medical emergencies, and your provider will determine if your case is appropriate for virtual care. If you are experiencing an emergency like chest pain or difficulties breathing, for example, please call 911 or go to your nearest emergency room.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modern medicine depends on antibiotics, but misuse can cause antibiotic resistance. Learn how it could change healthcare as we know it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":3579,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[7378],"tags":[],"acf":{"image":{"ID":3579,"id":3579,"title":"Blog lead image - Antibiotic resistance Copy","filename":"Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy.jpg","filesize":1273062,"url":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy.jpg","link":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/blog\/antibiotic-resistance\/blog-lead-image-antibiotic-resistance-copy\/","alt":"","author":"7","description":"","caption":"","name":"blog-lead-image-antibiotic-resistance-copy","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":3483,"date":"2018-11-29 19:11:05","modified":"2019-10-15 17:26:26","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","type":"image","subtype":"jpeg","icon":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":2880,"height":1180,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-300x123.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":123,"medium_large":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-768x315.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":315,"large":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-1024x420.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":420,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":629,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy.jpg","2048x2048-width":2048,"2048x2048-height":839,"square1200":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-1200x1180.jpg","square1200-width":1200,"square1200-height":1180,"square600":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-600x600.jpg","square600-width":600,"square600-height":600,"square300":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-300x300.jpg","square300-width":300,"square300-height":300,"square200":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-200x200.jpg","square200-width":200,"square200-height":200,"square100":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-100x100.jpg","square100-width":100,"square100-height":100,"feature1200":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-1200x600.jpg","feature1200-width":1200,"feature1200-height":600,"feature1100":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-1100x500.jpg","feature1100-width":1100,"feature1100-height":500,"feature800":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-800x400.jpg","feature800-width":800,"feature800-height":400,"feature400":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-400x200.jpg","feature400-width":400,"feature400-height":200,"facebook1200":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-1200x630.jpg","facebook1200-width":1200,"facebook1200-height":630,"medium_retina":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-1200x492.jpg","medium_retina-width":1200,"medium_retina-height":492,"large_retina":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Blog-lead-image-Antibiotic-resistance-Copy-2360x967.jpg","large_retina-width":2360,"large_retina-height":967}},"intro_text":"","meta_description":"","add_promotional_banner":false,"add_call_to_action":true,"call_to_action_text":"Need medical advice?","call_to_action_button_text":"Learn more","call_to_action_link":"[mpl-register-link]","show_age_gate":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v18.4 (Yoast SEO v18.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Antibiotic resistance and what it means for human beings | Maple<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Modern medicine depends on antibiotics, but misuse can cause antibiotic resistance. 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