{"id":29225,"date":"2023-01-13T16:05:53","date_gmt":"2023-01-13T21:05:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/?p=29225"},"modified":"2025-02-04T05:22:09","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T10:22:09","slug":"food-and-drink-triggers-for-migraine-headaches","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/blog\/food-and-drink-triggers-for-migraine-headaches\/","title":{"rendered":"Food and drink triggers for migraine headaches"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Getting a migraine isn\u2019t like getting a regular headache. While throbbing head pain is part of the package, migraines often come with sensitivity to light and sound, nausea, vomiting, and more. If you experience migraines, you know how intense the pain can be, so preventing them from coming on is key.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/for-you-family\/how-it-works\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maple<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2018s a convenient way to get help for your migraines. With Canada\u2019s largest online network of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/doctors\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">doctors and healthcare providers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, our <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/providers\/migraine-specialist\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">migraine specialist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is available for appointments at a time that works for you, and from the comfort of your home. During your consultation, the doctor will evaluate your symptoms and provide <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/conditions\/migraine-treatment\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">strategies for relief<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which may include prescription medication to treat your migraines.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">While <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/blog\/2021\/05\/17\/why-do-i-get-migraines-when-im-stressed-or-dreading-something\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">stress<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and even the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/blog\/2022\/03\/04\/why-do-i-get-more-migraines-in-the-winter\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">weather<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> can be <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">migraine triggers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, what you eat and drink can also cause them.Here are the most common <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">migraine triggers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and food-related triggers of migraines, so you know what\u2019s safe and what to avoid (for most people).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>What\u2019s a migraine?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK560787\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A migraine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, when mild or moderate, is characterized by a progressing dull pain on one side that intensifies over an hour or so and slowly dissipates by the end of the attack. When symptoms are moderate to severe, the pain can become pulsatile and throbbing in nature, and have accompanying symptoms like headache with light, sound sensitivity, and nausea.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are different types of migraines, but the majority are without aura \u2014 meaning they don\u2019t have a sensitivity disturbance before the onset, like seeing black dots, flashes of lights, wavy lines, and more.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The pain from a migraine is usually on one side of the head and can last anywhere from four to 72 hours \u2014 sometimes even longer. Migraines are more likely to affect women, especially those in their 30s and 40s. Migraine pain can be aggravated by physical activity, rapid head movements, straining, or light while doing small daily tasks, Brushing your hair, for example, can become an unbearable task if you have a migraine. Most people with migraines find themselves lying in a dark and quiet room. They can be debilitating and even account for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/en\/pub\/82-003-x\/2000002\/article\/5515-eng.pdf?st=CRGOOTKB\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">seven million missed work days<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Canada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There\u2019s also a genetic component to migraines. If you have a close relative who experiences them, there\u2019s a good chance you will too.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Are migraines serious?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you don\u2019t get migraines, you may think they\u2019re \u201cjust\u201d headaches. But migraines can range in both severity and frequency, and are often debilitating. While some people who experience migraines report infrequent headaches, others find themselves afflicted much more frequently, with a subset reporting daily migraines. While many migraines might last for a few hours, some remain for days at a time. People who experience migraines often report that they\u2019re unable to work, drive or participate in their usual activities when an attack comes on. In fact, migraines are the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/migrainecanada.org\/disability-and-migraine\/#:~:text=Among%20Canadian%20employees%2C%2056%25%20had,25%25%20reported%20being%20disabled.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">third leading cause of missed workdays<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Canada, coming in after back pain and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6337984\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">mood disorders<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2014 which they often go hand-in-hand with.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Are migraines caused by poor diet?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The exact cause of migraines isn\u2019t fully understood and can differ from person to person. Many patients report that certain foods, drinks, or food additives are <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">foods that trigger migraines<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.13836\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">More research is needed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to confirm just how much diet affects the cause of migraines, but it\u2019s thought that certain ingredients and chemicals in foods are common triggers, like tyramine, sulphites, and nitrites and nitrates.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These chemicals can narrow your blood vessels and increase your blood pressure, prompting a migraine. And many patients with migraines have reported eliminating certain foods did help to reduce the frequency of their migraines, so there\u2019s merit to this theory.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>How common are food-triggered headaches?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you experience migraines, you\u2019ve likely tried everything to determine the root cause. And it turns out that many people who get migraines are pretty sure that what they eat is where they start. In a study of over 1,000 patients with the International Classification of Headache Disorders, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17403039\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">26.9%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> reported that food causes their migraines. With that being said, the most commonly reported reason for migraines was stress (79.7%), hormones in women (65.1%), and skipping meals (57.3%).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>How long after eating a trigger food do you get a migraine?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You might notice your migraine begins after eating a particular food or drink in as little as a couple of hours or as many as 24 hours. This window of time is vast since food affects everyone\u2019s migraines differently. If this happens consistently with that same type of food, it may be one of your <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">migraine triggers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Can certain foods and drinks trigger migraines?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many foods and drinks are thought to be <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">foods that trigger migraines<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, but here are the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/migraine.com\/blog\/foods-implicated-in-migraines\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">main culprits<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> on the migraine foods-to-avoid list:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chocolate \u2014 cocoa and caffeine found in chocolate may cause changes to the central nervous system<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Processed meats \u2014 nitrites and nitrates found in processed meats have been shown to dilate blood vessels<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aged cheese \u2014 contains tyramine, which can narrow blood vessels<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Monosodium glutamate (MSG) \u2014 more research is needed, but many people report that the food additive MSG triggers migraine symptoms. This may be due to the stimulation of nerve cells.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alcohol \u2014 particularly red wine, contains histamine and tyramine, which can dilate blood vessels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caffeinated beverages \u2014 including tea, coffee, and soda, the diuretic effect of caffeine overconsumption leads to increased dehydration, along with its effect on reducing magnesium, which can make it a trigger for some people. Caffeine also blocks <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/neuroscience\/adenosine-receptor\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">adenosine receptors<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, so when intake is reduced, it may also cause migraines.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citrus fruits \u2014 oranges, lemons, grapefruits, and limes release <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology\/octopamine\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">octopamine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which can cause migraines in those with a sensitivity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Artificial sweeteners \u2014 such as aspartame and sucralose lower serotonin and dopamine<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cold food and beverages \u2014 like ice cream or cold water, some people can get migraines due to a cold sensitivity<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you\u2019re looking for <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">food for headaches<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> relief, it\u2019s important to note that not all trigger foods will cause migraines in everyone. So, if you get migraines, you might be able to tolerate common trigger foods like cheese and chocolate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, food behaviors can affect how many migraines you get. Skipping meals, caffeine withdrawal, dehydration, and even eating <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">fried food headache<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> triggers can all contribute to migraine onset.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>What foods can help with migraines?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the flip side, some foods may help provide relief when you have a migraine or could prevent one from starting. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/374\/bmj.n1448\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">One study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> showed that eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, like salmon, and lower in omega-6 fatty acids \u2014 think fried foods like french fries which also contain trans fats \u2014 may help reduce the frequency and severity of migraines.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Spinach or seeds like pumpkin and chia are also thought to fight off migraines thanks to high levels of magnesium. While more proof is needed, researchers believe that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/5\/1089\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">taking a magnesium supplement<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> may reduce the frequency of migraine attacks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caffeine, which has also been labelled a migraine trigger, is actually known to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/12\/8\/2259\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">relieve migraine pain<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> thanks to its ability to constrict blood vessels. However, people with migraines should drink no more than 200mg daily.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Finally, water is a really good way to help prevent migraines. Dehydration can be a trigger for many, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0967586820309413\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">drinking water<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> has been shown to reduce pain severity, frequency, and duration of migraines.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Are there any diets that can help with migraines?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Along with incorporating the \u201cgood\u201d foods listed above, you can also keep a food journal while eliminating items over a few weeks or months to know which foods and drinks are triggering your headaches. If you\u2019re unsure, a dietitian can help you identify the best <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">food for headaches<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> relief tailored to your needs. This doesn\u2019t mean eliminating entire food categories, like whole grains, for example. If you need to remove many foods from your diet, consider working with a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/providers\/dietitian\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">dietitian<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to make sure your nutritional needs are met during elimination. Keeping track of the foods you eat before a migraine attack, along with other triggers like stress, missed meals, and not getting enough sleep, exercise, or water, is also helpful.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Common <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.va.gov\/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY\/docs\/Clinician-Guide-Nutrition-Headache-Elimination-Diet.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">foods and drinks to avoid or limit<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caffeine (including coffee, soda, and energy drinks \u2014 keep consumption to less than 200mg per day)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cheese (specifically aged cheeses)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yogurt<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chocolate (milk or dark)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citrus fruits<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avocado<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bananas<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dried fruits<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Red wine<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ketchup<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Processed foods<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nuts<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Baked goods less than a day old<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aspartame<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1129-2377-15-69\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> has also shown that focusing on a diet of low-fat, plant-based foods with plenty of fruits and vegetables followed by an elimination diet can reduce the intensity and pain of headaches, while <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29450870\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">another study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> showed that a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/common-health-questions\/food-and-diet\/what-is-the-glycaemic-index-gi\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">low-glycemic diet<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> could be an effective method to reduce migraine attacks.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Why do I get migraines when I\u2019m stressed or dreading something?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Migraines occur when you can least afford them. Often before an exam, or a major work deadline. Knowing you\u2019re about to spend the next few hours \u2014 or more \u2014 in intense pain is awful. It\u2019s even more inconvenient when stress is what brought your migraine on in the first place. Why do migraines and stress go together so often?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">About <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3475609\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">70%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of people who experience migraines report stress as one of their triggers, especially when it comes to those experiencing daily migraine attacks. One theory is that the migraine brain is hypersensitive \u2014 potentially one of the reasons why light can make a migraine attack so much worse.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Migraines and stress can often become a vicious circle; stress precipitates migraine, and the migraine episode itself causes more stress. We know that people who experience migraines are more likely to have depression or anxiety, but much like the connection between stress and migraines, it\u2019s unclear how exactly they\u2019re related. In other words, are the anxiety and depression related to the way the migraine brain works, or does living with migraine cause those disorders? Either way, be sure to tell your doctor if you have both migraines and another condition such as anxiety. It\u2019s often beneficial to treat the two in tandem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How to prevent a stress migraine<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The best way to prevent a stress migraine is to deal with your stress preemptively, whenever possible. Start by making sure you\u2019re getting enough sleep. Next, make a list of any potential stressors and see if you\u2019re able to break them up into smaller, more manageable pieces. Set aside time for stress-busting activities like exercise, meditation, and quality, screen-free time with your nearest and dearest. Dysregulation can be a migraine trigger, so sticking to a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/blog\/2022\/02\/27\/what-are-the-effects-of-sleep-deprivation-on-your-health\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sleep schedule<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and eating regular meals made from whole foods is also crucial.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you feel an attack coming on, you can try to head it off by lying down in a darkened room, or drinking a caffeinated beverage. Once your migraine is in full effect, however, many report that the only thing that offers relief is medication.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>How Maple can help with your migraines<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Finding your food and drink triggers can help limit painful migraines. But, with so many choices and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.13836\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">more research needed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, it\u2019s not always easy to protect yourself from throbbing head pain by avoiding certain foods.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/for-you-family\/how-it-works\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maple<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/providers\/migraine-specialist\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">migraine specialist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is a general practitioner who specializes in treating and preventing migraines and severe headaches. During your consultation, the doctor will evaluate your symptoms and provide strategies for relief. This might include prescription medication like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/medications\/topiramate-topamax\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">topiramate (Topamax)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/medications\/sumatriptan-imitrex\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sumatriptan (Imitrex)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">No referral is needed for your appointment, and it takes place over your phone, tablet, or computer, so you don\u2019t have to leave home. If the doctor prescribes medication, you\u2019ll have the option of getting it sent to the pharmacy of your choice or delivered to your door at no additional cost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Migraines and severe headaches can seriously affect your quality of life. Talk to a migraine specialist online today so you can tackle your migraines head-on.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The information presented here is for educational purposes and is not meant to replace the advice from your medical professional.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When using virtual care, all medical treatment is at the sole discretion of the provider. Virtual care is not meant for medical emergencies, and your provider will determine if your case is appropriate for virtual care. If you are experiencing an emergency like chest pain or difficulties breathing, for example, please call 911 or go to your nearest emergency room.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Getting a migraine isn\u2019t like getting a regular headache. While throbbing head pain is part of the package, migraines often come with sensitivity to light and sound, nausea, vomiting, and more. If you experience migraines, you know how intense the pain can be, so preventing them from coming on is key. Maple\u2018s a convenient way&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":29226,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[7382],"tags":[],"acf":{"image":{"ID":29226,"id":29226,"title":"0728_Migraine-food&amp;drink-triggers_1180x483-100","filename":"0728_Migraine-fooddrink-triggers_1180x483-100.jpg","filesize":267152,"url":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/0728_Migraine-fooddrink-triggers_1180x483-100.jpg","link":"https:\/\/www.getmaple.ca\/blog\/food-and-drink-triggers-for-migraine-headaches\/0728_migraine-fooddrink-triggers_1180x483-100\/","alt":"Man closing his eyes, holding his hands to his head from a migraine triggered by food and drinks. 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